Budget 2023
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Here's how to calculate your tax

Cape Town - In his National Budget 2017, Finance Minister Pravin Gordhan released updated tax tables.

According to Cathie Webb, director of the SA Payroll Association, company employees will be paying more tax and, therefore, taking less money home at the end of the month. This is because the SA government needs more money to keep things running.

Webb cautions that calculating your tax accurately can be quite a complex job. That is why there are now formal qualifications allowing payroll staff to become specialists in this area - at certificate, diploma and degree level.

"Things like allowances, fringe benefits - that is either payments made on your behalf by your employer or goods - medical aid and retirement funding contributions and various other factors impact the calculation of what is the first item to be determined, being taxable income," explains Webb.

READ: #Budget2017: How tax hikes could affect you

Using the tax table

How do you translate the updated tax table (below) into knowing how much tax should be deducted from your earnings?

Taxable income (R)            Rates of tax (R)
0 – 189 880                     18% of taxable income
189 881 – 296 540          34 178 + 26% of taxable income above 189 880
296 541 – 410 460          61 910 + 31% of taxable income above 296 540
410 461 – 555 600          97 225 + 36% of taxable income above 410 460
555 601 – 708 310          149 475 + 39% of taxable income above 555 600
708 311 – 1 500 000       209 032 + 41% of taxable income above 708 310
1 500 001 and above        533 625 + 45% of taxable income above 1 500 000

The first column on the table represents the rand value of your anticipated earnings in the tax year, which runs for the period March 2017 to the end of February 2018.

So, if you earn R10 000 taxable income in March, this must be translated into your anticipated annual income: R10 000 x 12 = R120 000.

(a) You can expect to have taxable income of R120 000 by the end of February next year.

To calculate the tax on this, refer to the second column on the table, namely rates of tax. To see which level of the second column to use in your calculation, refer to the first column, where your anticipated annual earnings fall into the very first category of earnings - R0 to R189 880.

This means that you can use the first level of tax deduction, which is 18% of your taxable income being payable as tax. R120 000 x 18% = R21 600

(b) This should mean that over the year you need to pay R21 600 tax.

READ: Zuma’s new tax laws hammer wealthy and employees who earn shares: Quick guide

Rebates

However, it is not quite this simple, as the SA Revenue Service (SARS) offers tax rebates (refunds) every year. There are primary rebates, which apply to everybody, and secondary and tertiary rebates which apply to people who are between 65 years and 75 years old, and to people who are older than 75 respectively.

The rebate table for the 2017/2018 tax year looks like this:

Tax Rebate                          2018 Tax Year

Primary                               R13 635
Secondary                           (65 and older) R7 479
Tertiary                               (75 and older) R2 493

Webb says this means that from the initial calculation of R21 600 tax you determined, you can deduct (if you are not yet 65 years old) R13 635, amounting to a total of R7 965 tax that is due in the year - your annual tax payable.

To determine how much tax you should pay in March, you simply divide the annual tax payable by the number of months in the year, therefore R7 965/12 = R663.75

(c) If you are paid weekly or fortnightly:

In the above example, we have stated that you are paid monthly, which is why in steps (a) and (c) you multiplied and divided by 12.

Some people are paid every week or perhaps every fortnight. The same calculation would work, but instead of multiplying and dividing by 12, you would multiply and divide by 52 (weeks) or 26 (fortnights).

"Please remember that there may be a number of contributors to the calculation of taxable income. Before suspecting that your payroll department has not calculated tax correctly for you, please confirm exactly what is calculated into your pay package to determine taxable income," says Webb.

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